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Kholm (RUSS) (a.k.a. Cholm) (ZNr. 10-0216) (c. 57 09 41 N – 31 08 37 E)
General: civil landing ground (Zivilflugplatz) in W Russia 105 km SW of Dno, 98.5 km NNE of Velikiye Luki and 2.75 km WNW of Cholm town center. Located on the W bank of the Lovat River adjacent to the NW corner of Kholm. History: scene of major air supply operations January to May 1942 to replenish the German garrison of approx. 5,500 surrounded in the town. For the first 3 weeks, transport aircraft landed on the small open field on the NW side of the town under enemy fire, unloaded and flew out with wounded. Later, the transports dropped supply containers and towed gliders to the airfield. Surface and Dimensions: relatively level wheat field with no dimensions officially stated, but unofficial sources say1000 meters (1095 yards) in length. Fuel and Ammunition: no stocks. Infrastructure: none. Dispersal: no organized dispersals. Defenses: none to speak of other than a few heavy machine guns.
Remarks:
13 Feb 42: landing of transport aircraft ordered halted by Luftflotte 1 due to continuous artillery and mortar on the airfield.
16 Feb 42: Go-Kdo./Luftflotte 1 began the first one-way Go 242 cargo glider operations to the Kholm airfield and town while the transports had to resort to dropping supply cannisters over the surrounded area held by the besieged garrison.
25 Feb 42: air attack - 4 x Ju 52s belonging to KGr. z.b.V. 9 out of 7 that had just landed hit and damaged.
5 May 42: the encirclement was broken – on the airfield lay 56 destroyed Go 242 gliders and around a dozen Ju 52 wrecks.
1942- 44: the Russians built a brand new airfield here (ZNr. 10-11011) about 3 km E of the town center. On 16 Sep 44, it had a well-drained unpaved runway of 1800 meters aligned WNW/ESE and it was occupied by 118 Russian aircraft, nearly all single-engine. Local buildings in a compound on the S boundary were primarily used for infrastructure and accommodations and the airfield was surrounded by 7 heavy and light Flak positions.
Operational Units: none identified.
Station Commands: a small detachment from Fl.H.Kdtr. E 12/III (Feb, May 42)?
Station Units (on various dates – not complete): elements of Koflug 5/VI (Jan – Mar/Apr 42); elements of le.I/Feldwerftverband 10 (Feb, May 42); elements of le.Feldwerft-Abt. I/60 (Feb-May 42); Stab and elements of Lw.-Bau-Btl. 2/I (May-Jun 42); Ldssch.Zug d.Lw. 44/III (Sep 41)?; I./Lw.-Feld-Rgt. 1 (c. Feb-May 42).
[Sources: chronologies; AFHRA, BA-MA; NARA incl. T-321 roll 239/OKL 903; OKL Flugplatzatlas d. Sowjetunion; PRO/NA; web site ww2.dk; web site wwii-photos-maps.com (7.8.44, 16.9.44)]

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