Re: Luftwaffe anti-shipping training
The existence of the Küstenfliegergruppen at the beginning of the war certainly suggests that the Luftwaffe planned on attacking ships: their role wasn't "pure" overwater reconnaissance, they carried torpedoes or bombs as well. Some of these units were equipped with bomber aircraft, e.g. the Do 17 and He 111, others with floatplanes.
Of course, it's another matter whether the difficulties were understood at first or whether the weapons available were adequate. (Similarly the RAF had built a supposedly "strategic" bomber force that for almost three years came nowhere near achieving what it was supposed to).
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