DO 215 losses

[James A Pratt III]

Does anyone have any information on DO 215 combat losses and units? I have 30 lost/damaged from 1 July 1940 to 21 Jun 1941 from books on the BofB and by books by John Foreman. Does anyone have any information on losses before or after these dates? Any help would be welcome. Thanks in advance.

[stephen f. polyak]

May you say how many fell on UK soil?

[Larry]

John Foreman has done a lot of work on RAF 'claims' but that is all they are just claims for aircraft shot down and I would not take the number of Do 215 aircraft listed as gospel truth. The Do 17Z and Do 215 were very similar and in some instances when we know the aircraft shot down was a Ju 88, the RAF pilot concerned still listed it as a 'Do 215'.

I'm not sure if it was on this site but someone pointed out that it would appear that more Do 215's were shot down than were actually built!

During the Battle of France the Luftwaffe has 22 Do 215B-4 long range recce aircraft at its disposal with 1(F)124 and 2 Aufklarungsgruppe Obdl and lost two from 1(F) 124. The remaining 20 aircraft with 1(F)124) and 1 Aufklarungsgruppe Obdl (and possibly other units) went on to serve in the Battle of Britain and four were lost in July, three in August and two in September 1940.

So that is 11 so far for 1940 but to loose another 19 before the invasion of Russia seems quite high?

[James A Pratt III]

the figure 30 include both lost and damaged do to all causes. I would like to know how many others were lost or damaged post 21 Jun 41 both over Russia with recce units and over western europe were NJG 2 used a few that were converted in to night fighters. By the way did anybody become a Experten / Ace fling one?

[Andreas Brekken]

Hi.

The number listed by James are pretty close to the number I have from the loss database.

Regards,
Andreas B

[JoMe]

Hi James

In the RL-loss list I have found the following:

24.04.1940 1(F)/AGr.ObdL FP Stavanger-Sola/N Do 215 B / T5 + . H 100% brit. Bombenwurf-
25.04.1940 1(F)/AGr.124 b. Wien/A Do 215 B / G2 + KH 100% Werkstattflug/Motorsch./Abrutschen b.Kurven/Hausber.Uffz Ewald Dewor +
vw
Wart: Ogfr Rudolf Meister -
26.04.1940 1(F)/AGr.ObdL FP Fritzlar Do 215 B / T5 + . H 100% Start/Absturz (verm. MSt.) 4vw
BO: Lt Körner vw
30.04.1940 3(F)/AGr.ObdL FP Stavanger-Sola/N Do 215 B / T5 + . L ? -or-
L2 + . S ? 100%Bombenwurf-
10.05.1940 (F)/AGr.ObdL unbek. Ort/B Do 215 B / T5 + . .100% unbek. Ursache (von West-Belgien nicht zurück) 2G BO: Lt Schierhold vm, 1vw-vm-z (07.06.40)
10.05.1940 2(F)/AGr.onbdL b. Rossum/NL Do 215 B-4 / T5 + . K 100% unbek. Ursache (von West-Holland nicht zurück)
20.05.1940 (F)/AGr.ObdL b.Lille/F Do 215 B / T5 + . .100% unbek. Ursache 3vm
BO: Lt Kipple vm
23.05.1940 (F)/AGr.ObdL b. Malmedy/B Do 215 B / T5 + . . 30% Beschuß/NL-
25.05.1940 (F)/AGr.ObdL FP Charleville/B Do 215 B / T5 + . . 50% Brl.-
25.05.1940 2(F)/AGr.ObdL FP Charleville/B Do 215 B / T5 + . K 40% Landeanflug/Hindernisber. m. Erdwall-
26.05.1940 4(F)/AGr.ObdL b. Romilly/F Do 215 B / G2 + . H -60% Trudeln/Bodenklappe geöffnet (BM herausgeschleudert) Lt Pinkl -
Uffz Paul Düpong vm
02.06.1940 4(F)/AGr.ObdL b. Narvik/N Do 215 B / G2 + . H ?100% LK - NL auf schwed. Gebiet ?
(Besatzung bestand aus 2 Mann)

best wishes
JoMe

[brewerjerry]

Hi JoMe,
Apoligies for breaking into the thread, but are there any losses or damaged DO 215's for 01 april 41 ( or maybe 02 apr 41 ) ?
cheers
Jerry

[JoMe]

Hi Jerry

Sorry, but I have utilization this loss lists only up to July of 1940.

JoMe

[Jim P.]

Flugzeuge, WNr., Plane Commander/Pilot, FF or vics, Staffel or Gruppe, KG, Nummer Farbe, Kennummer, Stammkennzeichen, Markings, Date, Remarks, Other Comments, Front, References, See Also, Locale, Bruch %, H/F, Crew, Time
Do 215, 0071, Steinhoff, Ltn. Walter, , 2.(F), Aufkl.Gr.Ob.d.L., , L2+OS, , , 13-Jan-41, KIA with crew, cause unknown. Failed to return from night sortie., , Ob.d.L./Kanal, Gen.Qu.6.Abt. (mfm #3)-Vol.4, , Ort unbekannt, 100%, H, B Fw. Günther Trompke, Bm Fw. Ernst Witschen & Bf Gefr. Manfred Kirchhoff,
Do 215, 0004, Kaun, Oblt. Helmut, , 2.(F), Aufkl.Gr.Ob.d.L., , T5+NM, , , 11-Jul-42, MIA with crew, cause unknown., , Ostfront, Gen.Qu.6.Abt. (mfm #6)-Vol.10, , Millerowo-Starobjeisk, 100%, F, ,
Do 215, 0062, Teichmann, Oblt. Ullrich (B)/Vogelsang, Ofw. KArl (F), , 3.(F), 121, , , , , 15-Jul-41, Both KIA due to enemy fire. 2 others WIA., , Ostfront, Gen.Qu.6.Abt. (mfm #3)-Vol.5, , Fl.Pl. Jasi, 100%, F, ,
Do 215, 0018, n.n., , 1.(F), Aufkl.Gr.Ob.d.L., , , , , 07-Aug-41, Bauchlandung due to engine damage., , Ostfront, Gen.Qu.6.Abt. (mfm #4)-Vol.6, , Orscha, 70%, F, ,
Do 215, 0011, Schultze-Plotzius, Oblt. Jörg (B)/Graichen, Uffz. Bernhard (F), , 3.(F), Aufkl.Gr.Ob.d.L., , L2+AS, , , 23-Jul-41, MIA with crew, cause unknown., , Ostfront, Gen.Qu.6.Abt. (mfm #4)-Vol.6, , (Sewastopol), 100%, F, ,
Do 215, 0068, n.n., , 1.(F), Aufkl.Gr.Ob.d.L., , , , , 03-Aug-41, Bauchlandung due to engine damage., , Ostfront, Gen.Qu.6.Abt. (mfm #4)-Vol.6, , bei Orscha, 100%, F, ,
Do 215, 0075, Röder, Ltn. Rudolf (B)/Liebling, Uffz. Rudolf (F), , 1.(F), Aufkl.Gr.Ob.d.L., , L2+LC, , , 11-Aug-41, MIA with crew due to enemy fighters., , Ostfront, Gen.Qu.6.Abt. (mfm #4)-Vol.6, , (Orel-Tula), 100%, F, ,
Do 215, 0008, Scholtzysek, Uffz. Theodor (Bs), , 2.(F), Aufkl.Gr.Ob.d.L., , , , , 18-Aug-41, WIA by Flak., , Ostfront, Gen.Qu.6.Abt. (mfm #4)-Vol.6, , Raskopolje, 30%, F, ,
Do 215, 0074, ./., , 3.(F), Aufkl.Gr.Ob.d.L., , , , , 16-Sep-41, Bombenwurf., , Ostfront, Gen.Qu.6.Abt. (mfm #4)-Vol.6, , Fl.Pl. Nikolajew, 100%, F, ,
Do 215, 0045, Wulffmeyer, Oblt. August (B)/Friese, Fw. Helmut (F), , 3.(F), Aufkl.Gr.Ob.d.L., , T5+EL, , , 28-Sep-41, MIA, cause unknown. Pilot and 2 others KIA., , Ostfront, Gen.Qu.6.Abt. (mfm #4)-Vol.6, , , 100%, F, ,
Do 215, 0063, Osterwald, Ltn. (B)/Petersen, Ltn. (F), , 3.(F), Aufkl.Gr.Ob.d.L., , P5+LL, , , 18-Oct-41, MIA with crew, cause unknown., , Ostfront, Gen.Qu.6.Abt. (mfm #4)-Vol.6, , , 100%, F, ,
Do 215, 0067, Schaal, Oblt. August (B)/Karpowitz, Stfw. Bruno (F), , , Aufkl.Gr.Ob.d.L., , , , , 12-Nov-41, Pilot killed in Notlandung due to bad weather. Rest of crew injured., , Mittelmeer, Gen.Qu.6.Abt. (mfm #4)-Vol.7, , Insel Alonjses, b, F, ,
Do 215, 0079, Bodenhänter, Ofw. Franz, , , Aufkl.Gr.Ob.d.L., , , , , 19-Nov-41, Injured in crash. 2 others injured, 1 KIC., , Rumania, Gen.Qu.6.Abt. (mfm #4)-Vol.7, , Galati, b, F, ,
Do 215, 0079, Häusel, Ofw. Peter, , 3.(F), Aufkl.Gr.Ob.d.L., , , , , 19-Nov-41, Injured in Notlandung due to engine trouble. 1 other KIC, 2 injured., , Ostfront, Gen.Qu.6.Abt. (mfm #4)-Vol.7, , bei Fl.Pl. Galas, 100%, H, ,
Do 215, 0059, n.n., , , Fl.Ber.Lfl. 2, , , , , 22-Dec-41, Bauchlandung due to fuel shortage., , Mittelmeer, Gen.Qu.6.Abt. (mfm #4)-Vol.7, , Chiarone, 50%, H, ,
Do 215, 0013, n.n., , 3.(F), Aufkl.Gr.Ob.d.L., , , , , 03-Oct-41, Undercarriage damage., , Ostfront, Gen.Qu.6.Abt. (mfm #4)-Vol.7, , Nikolajew-Ost, 35%, F, ,
Do 215, 0102, Köhler, Ltn. Hermann, , Flugber., Lw.Kdo.Süd-Ost, , , , , 17-May-43, Crew killed in crash. Flew into ground., , Greece, Gen.Qu.6.Abt. (mfm #10)-Vol.17, , North of Saloniki, 100%, H, ,
Do 215, 0007, n.n., , , Flugber.XII.Fl.Korps, , , , , 07-Nov-42, Crashed while taxiing due to technical failure., , Holland, Gen.Qu.6.Abt. (mfm #7)-Vol.12, , Fl.Pl. Soesterberg, 25%, H, ,
Do 215, 0005, n.n., , Stab III., NJG 1, , , , , 06-Jun-42, Bauchlandung due to technical failure., , Nachtjagd, Gen.Qu.6.Abt. (mfm #6)-Vol.9; Balss, Deutsche Nachtjagd, II, p.78, , Fl.Pl. Twente, 20%, H, ,
Do 215, 0019, Horak, Ltn. Alfred, , 2.(F), Aufkl.Gr.Ob.d.L., , , , , 14-Jan-41, Killed in crash due to accidently striking the ground. Bf also killed., , Ob.d.L./Deutschland, Gen.Qu.6.Abt. (mfm #3)-Vol.4, , bei Britz, 100%, H, Bf Gefr. Rudolf Ohnmacht,
Do 215, 0055, n.n., , II., NJG 1, , , , , 15-Feb-41, Rammed by landing Bf 110D-3 WNr. 3695., , Lfl.2/Nachtjagd, Gen.Qu.6.Abt. (mfm #3)-Vol.4; Balss, Deutsche Nachtjagd, II, p.16; Foreman, 1941-The Turning Point, I, p.148, , Fl.Pl. Deelen, 30%, F, ,
Do 215, 0082, Albrecht, Ltn. Dietrich, , 2.(F), Aufkl.Gr.Ob.d.L., , , , , 02-Mar-41, Crew injured in Notlandung due to engine damage., , Ob.d.L./Kanal, Gen.Qu.6.Abt. (mfm #3)-Vol.4; Foreman, 1941-The Turning Point, I, p.197, , bei Evreux, 90%, F, B Ltn. Herbert Zoch, Bf Uffz. Hans Klausnitzer & Bs Gefr. Ernst Schneider,
Do 215, 050, n.n., , , NJG 101, , , , , 07-Sep-43, Bauchlandung due to engine trouble., , Nachtjagd, Balss, Deutsche Nachtjagd, II, p.209, , Fl.Pl. Neuburg, 35%, H, ,
Do 215B, 0096, n.n., , 1.(F), 124, , , , , 28-Jul-41, Undercarriage damage., , Denmark, Gen.Qu.6.Abt. (mfm #3)-Vol.5, , Fl.Pl. Aalborg-West, 25%, H, ,
Do 215B, 0024, Kracke, Oblt. Friedrich, , 3.(F), Aufkl.Gr.Ob.d.L., , L2+ES, , , 05-Aug-41, MIA with crew, cause unknown. F & B POW., Dup WNr.!, Ostfront, Gen.Qu.6.Abt. (mfm #4)-Vol.6, , (Odessa-Olgopol-Aniev), 100%, F, B Fw. Hermann Schröder, Bf Ogefr. Emil Bäcker & Bm Uffz. Albert Simon,
Do 215B, 0084, Zoch, Ltn. Herbert (B)/Schönstedt, Ofw. Eduard (F), , 2.(F), Aufkl.Gr.Ob.d.L., , VB+KF, VB+KF, , 15-Apr-41, Both MIA with crew, probably due to Luftkampf with Spitfires from 610 Sq., , Lfl.3/Kanal, Gen.Qu.6.Abt. (mfm #3)-Vol.4; Foreman, 1941-The Turning Point, II, p.79 txt., , bei Isle of Wight, 100%, F, Bf Ogefr. Erich Aldort & Bm Uffz. Heinz Krüger,
Do 215B, 0068, Babiek, Ltn. Joachim (B)/Stiehhaller, Fw. Ferdinand (F), , 1.(F), Aufkl.Gr.Ob.d.L., , T5+BC, , , 07-Aug-41, MIA with crew, cause unknown., , Ostfront, Gen.Qu.6.Abt. (mfm #4)-Vol.6, , (Roslawl-Briansk), 100%, F, ,
Do 215B, 0024, Ruhnke, Oblt. Johannes (B)/Taplick, Fw. Gerhard (F(, , 1.(F), Aufkl.Gr.Ob.d.L., weiße Q, K9+QH, , , 01-Sep-41, MIA with crew, cause unknown., Dup WNr.! Loss report calls this a 'Ju 88B'., Ostfront, Gen.Qu.6.Abt. (mfm #4)-Vol.6, , (Sewastopol), 100%, F, ,
Do 215B, 0047, n.n., , IV., KG 2, , , , , 03-Aug-43, Rammed a Do 217 (not reported)., , FR, Gen.Qu.6.Abt. (mfm #11)-Vol.20; Balke, Der Luftkrieg in Europa, II, p.513, , Fl.Pl. Villaroche, 15%, H, ,
Do 215B, 0096, n.n., , 1.(F), 124, , , , , 22-Aug-43, Undercarriage damage., , Ostfront, Gen.Qu.6.Abt. (mfm #11)-Vol.20, , Fl.Pl. Siwerskaja, 20%, H, ,
Do 215B, 0094, ./., , II., 27, , , , , 02-Jul-43, Bombenwurf., , Mittelmeer, Gen.Qu.6.Abt. (mfm #11)-Vol.19; Prien/Rodeike/Stemmer, II./JG 27, p.535, , Lecce, 100%, F, ,
Do 215B, 0083, Baumgartner, Oblt. Martin (B)/Gross, Fw. Robert (F), , 2.(F), Aufkl.Gr.Ob.d.L., , , , , 10-Mar-41, Crew injured due to collision during take-off with landing He111H-2 WNr. 2431, , Ob.d.L./Kanal, Gen.Qu.6.Abt. (mfm #3)-Vol.4; Foreman, 1941-The Turning Point, I, p.215 txt, , Fl.Pl. Le Bourget, 60%, F, Bm Fw. Karl Böhm,
Do 215B, 0052, n.n., , 2.(F), Aufkl.Gr.Ob.d.L., , , , , 08-May-41, Luftkampf with enemy fighters. Bf KIA, Bm WIA., , Ob.d.L./Kanal, Gen.Qu.6.Abt. (mfm #3)-Vol.4; Foreman, 1941-The Turning Point, II, p.173 txt, , Kanal, 5%, F, Bf Uffz. Josef Goldammer & Bm Uffz. Hermann Wiesener,
Do 215B, 0073, Heidenreich, Fw. Otto (Bm), , 1.(F), 124, , G2+MH, , , 29-Jun-41, Injured in Fehlstart., , Finnland, Gen.Qu.6.Abt. (mfm #3)-Vol.5; Valtonen, LW Pohjoinen Sivusta, p.356, , Fl.Pl. Kirkenes, 60%, F, ,
Do 215B, 090, n.n., , , Nachtjagdschule 1, , , , , 13-Jan-43, Technical failure., , Nachtjagd, Balss, Deutsche Nachtjagd, II, p.110, , Fl.Pl. Schleißheim, 10%, F, ,
Do 215B-1, 0048, Schulze-Plotzius, Oblt. Jörg (B)/Greichen, Uffz. Bernhard (F), , 3.(F), 121, , LW+AS, NO+TB?, , 23-Jul-41, MIA with crew, cause unknown., , Ostfront, Gen.Qu.6.Abt. (mfm #3)-Vol.5, , , 100%, F, ,
Do 215B-2, 0008, Frankenberger, Ofw. Arno, , Flugber., 2.Fl.Div., , , , , 18-May-43, Crew injured in Notlandung due to engine trouble., , FR, Gen.Qu.6.Abt. (mfm #10)-Vol.17, , Fl.Pl. Montdesier, 75%, H, ,
Do 215B-4, 0089, n.n., , , Aufkl.Gr.Ob.d.L., , , , , 19-Aug-41, Bauchlandung., , Kanal, Gen.Qu.6.Abt. (mfm #4)-Vol.6, , Fl.Pl. Orly, 35%, F, ,
Do 215B-4, 0088, n.n., , 2.(F), Aufkl.Gr.Ob.d.L., , , , , 21-Mar-41, Taxiing accident., , Ob.d.L./Kanal, Gen.Qu.6.Abt. (mfm #3)-Vol.4; Foreman, 1941, The Turning Point, I, p.262, , Fl.Pl. Villenneuve-Orly, 35%, H, ,
Do 215B-4, 0093, Artmann, Hptm. (B)/Bergen, Oblt. K.-F. (F), , , Aufkl.Gr.Ob.d.L., , , , , 25-Apr-41, Both injured in Bruchlandung., , Lfl.4/Deutschland, Gen.Qu.6.Abt. (mfm #3)-Vol.4; Foreman, 1941-The Turning Point, II, p.114, , Fl.Pl. Semlin, 40%, H, ,
Do 215B-4, 0077, n.n., , 2., Nachtaufkl.St., , , , , 24-Jan-43, Notlandung due to engine fire., , Lw.Kdo.Ost/Ostfront, Gen.Qu.6.Abt. (mfm #8)-Vol.13, , Jarzewo, 30%, F, ,
Do 215B-5, 0046, Woltersdorf, Oblt. Helmut, 16, 4., NJG 1, , , , , 07-Jul-41, WIA with crew due to Luftkampf. Notwasserung. Crew rescued., 6/7-Jul per Balss. (8 vic as Zerstörer), Nachtjagd, Gen.Qu.6.Abt. (mfm #3)-Vol.5; Balss, Deutsche Nachtjagd, p.23; Höhler, Deutsche Nachtjagd Personalverluste, p.8, , 15km ostwärts Insel Texel, 100%, F, Bf Uffz. Walter Held & Bm Ogefr. Erich Kloss,
Do 215B-5, 0041, Rauscher, Oblt. Richard, , 5., NJG 2, , R4+SN, , , 01-May-42, Injured in crash due to accidently striking the ground during training flight. Bf also injured, Bm killed., , Nachtjagd, Gen.Qu.6.Abt. (mfm #6)-Vol.9; Balss, Deutsche Nachtjagd, p.46; Höhler, Deutsche Nachtjagd Personalverluste, p.23; Wespennest Leeuwarden, I, p.237, , Marrum bei Fl.Pl. Leeuwarden, 90%, H, Bf Fw. Heinz Wartelow & Bm Uffz. Herbert Blumenthal,
Do 215B-5, 0100, LENT, Oblt. Helmut, , 4., NJG 1, , , , , 10-Jul-41, Stkp. Enemy fire. Bf & Bm WIA., F EL, Bf RK. 9/10-Jul per Balss., Nachtjagd, Gen.Qu.6.Abt. (mfm #3)-Vol.5; Balss, Deutsche Nachtjagd, p.25; Höhler, Deutsche Nachtjagd Personalverluste, p.8, , bei Leeuwarden, 10%, F, Bf Uffz. Walter KUBISCH & Bm Fw. Walter Matuschak,
Do 215B-5, 0030, n.n., , 5., NJG 2, , , , , 07-Nov-41, Bauchlandung due to enemy fire., , Nachtjagd, Gen.Qu.6.Abt. (mfm #4)-Vol.7; Balss, Deutsche Nachtjagd, II, p.41, , Fl.Pl. Leeuwarden, 45%, F, ,
Do 215B-5, 0086, n.n., , 6., NJG 2, , R4+LP, , , 10-Nov-41, Bauchlandung due to undercarriage damage., II./NJG 2 per loss & Balss., Nachtjagd, Gen.Qu.6.Abt. (mfm #4)-Vol.7; Balss, Deutsche Nachtjagd, II, p.42, , Fl.Pl. Leeuwarden, 30%, H, ,
Do 215B-5, 0054, n.n., , 4., NJG 2, , , , , 11-May-42, Taxiing accident., , Nachtjagd, Gen.Qu.6.Abt. (mfm #6)-Vol.9; Balss, Deutsche Nachtjagd, II, p.71, , Fl.Pl. Krefeld, 25%, H, ,
Do 215B-5, 0039, Bock, Ltn. Karl, , 4., NJG 1, , G9+VM, , , 26-Oct-41, Killed in FSA due to loss of control from technical failure. Rest of crew FSA., WNr. 0059 per Höhler. 26/27-Oct per Balss., Nachtjagd, Gen.Qu.6.Abt. (mfm #4)-Vol.6; Balss, Deutsche Nachtjagd, p.33; Balss, Deutsche Nachtjagd, II, p.40; Höhler, Deutsche Nachtjagd Personalverluste, p.8, , 6km ostwärts Anna Paulona am Amstelmeer, 100%, F, ,
Do 215B-5, 0086, Holsten, Uffz. Ewald, , 6., NJG 2, , R4+LP, , , 02-Mar-42, Crew killed in crash during Zieldarstellungsflug., Zwischen Eeze & Willemsoord per Balss., Nachtjagd, Gen.Qu.6.Abt. (mfm #5)-Vol.8; Balss, Deutsche Nachtjagd, p.40; Balss, Deutsche Nachtjagd, II, p.57; Höhler, Deutsche Nachtjagd Personalverluste, p.23, , 7km nördlich Eeze bei Willemsoord, 100%, H, Bf Gefr. Fritz Blessing & Bm Ogefr. Ludwig Burkhard,
Do 215B-5, 0021, n.n., , II., NJG 2, , , , , 18-Apr-42, Undercarriage damage., , Nachtjagd, Gen.Qu.6.Abt. (mfm #5)-Vol.8; Balss, Deutsche Nachtjagd, II, p.66, , Fl.Pl. Leeuwarden, 10%, F, ,
Do 215B-5, 0097, n.n., , 5., NJG 2, , , , , 25-Mar-42, Bauchlandung due to undercarriage failure., , Nachtjagd, Gen.Qu.6.Abt. (mfm #5)-Vol.8; Balss, Deutsche Nachtjagd, II, p.61, , Fl.Pl. Leeuwarden, 20%, H, ,
Do 215B-5, 0054, Laubisch, Oblt. Heinz (F)/Licht, Oblt. Karl (B), , 2., Nachtst., , , , , 30-Dec-42, Crew injured in crash due to engine trouble., , Ostfront, Gen.Qu.6.Abt. (mfm #7)-Vol.12, , Orscha, 60%, H, ,
Do 215B-5, 0030, n.n., , , NJG 101, , , , , 08-May-43, Bauchlandung due to engine trouble., , Nachtjagd, Balss, Deutsche Nachtjagd, II, p.139, , Fl.Pl. Schleißheim, 80%, H, ,

[RT]

DO215 66 Erpr,stelle Rechlin
DO215 89 Herbst 1944 Tatoi FP
DO215B-4 52 Ungar,lwf, 5 43 übernahme BAMA 679
Those ones survive to 1943, + by memory a 0097 still in some workshop in Germany in 1944

Remi