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-   -   Subordinates' opinions of Hans Dortenmann; (http://forum.12oclockhigh.net/showthread.php?t=14953)

NickM 31st October 2008 06:32

Subordinates' opinions of Hans Dortenmann;
 
Guys:

I recall from reading The JG26 War Diary that towards the end of the War, Hans Dortenmann was one officer within III/JG54 & JG26 who was still pursuing decorations & 'Glory and Honor', even given the situation with defeat imminent...I was curious if anybody under Dortenmann's command ever commented on flying with Dortenmann---obviously he was a VERY skilled pilot but at the same time his actions would put his subordinates in a LOT of unnecessary danger;

Hope this question isnt' too silly sounding;

TiA

nickm

Franek Grabowski 31st October 2008 15:56

Re: Subordinates' opinions of Hans Dortenmann;
 
Well, it seems there is very little in regard of personal remarks on Luftwaffe characters. I have heard a story or two, but it is non existent, comparing to what we know about some Allied pilots.

NickM 1st November 2008 21:06

Re: Subordinates' opinions of Hans Dortenmann;
 
Quote:

Originally Posted by Franek Grabowski (Post 75817)
Well, it seems there is very little in regard of personal remarks on Luftwaffe characters. I have heard a story or two, but it is non existent, comparing to what we know about some Allied pilots.

Franek, that sounds quite interesting...could you possibly share the anecdote?

nickm

Franek Grabowski 2nd November 2008 00:13

Re: Subordinates' opinions of Hans Dortenmann;
 
Sorry, it is not about Dortenmann.

NickM 2nd November 2008 01:43

Re: Subordinates' opinions of Hans Dortenmann;
 
That's OK...

nickm

leonventer 2nd November 2008 06:15

Re: Subordinates' opinions of Hans Dortenmann;
 
Hi Nick,
Quote:

Well, it seems there is very little in regard of personal remarks on Luftwaffe characters. I have heard a story or two, but it is non existent, comparing to what we know about some Allied pilots.
Agreed, but here are a couple of resources that are worth considering:
  • "Ikaros: Persönlichkeit und Wesen des deutschen Jagdfliegers im Zweiten Weltkrieg" by Paul Robert Skawran, 1969
Skawran did war-time interviews with several prominent Luftwaffe personalities. He categorizes the pilots into various character types, and describes the psychological and physical characteristics of each one in some detail.

  • "Luftwaffe Efficiency & Promotion Reports, vols. 1 & 2" by French L. MacLean, 2007
MacLean's work consists of a collection of 113 promotion reports for Luftwaffe Knight's Cross winners, written by their superiors (89 of the reports are for pilots, with 58 being for fighter pilots.)
The reports tell us, for example, that:
- Hans Ehlers came "from a simple way of life"
- Anton Döbele could "be harsh and one-sided in judging people"
- Rudolf Rademacher became "somewhat disinterested and stubborn"
- Wolfgang Schenck appeared "to have lost his spirit for battle"
- Heinz Schnaufer was "somewhat shy" and "a little too soft at the front."

Each person's report features a reproduction of the original document, a short biography, and most include a photo. Also, the appendix includes short biographies of the officers who authored the promotion reports.

Hope that helps,
Leon Venter

yogybär 2nd November 2008 21:48

Re: Subordinates' opinions of Hans Dortenmann;
 
I read the famous (german) III./JG54 book "Axel Urbanke, mit Fw190 D-9 im Einsatz". I got the impression that Dortenmann was a very good and indeed notbrainless believer in "Endsieg" or such. He was critical against senseless orders and fought against the enemy as a good soldier should.

Yes, one can (and maybe should) interprete this as negative under the given circumstances. Anyway, my "feeling" after the book is that he was a very good pilot and commander. Indeed, I like the image of him I got from that book.

One example: One day, his Gruppe had very high losses due to bad orders. His Staffel got the same idiotic orders. He did not follow them, his Staffel achieved some success and had no (or verys low) losses.

NickM 2nd November 2008 22:19

Re: Subordinates' opinions of Hans Dortenmann;
 
Quote:

Originally Posted by yogybär (Post 75922)
I read the famous (german) III./JG54 book. I got the impression that Dortenmann was a very good and indeed notbrainless believer in "Endsieg" or such. He was critical against senseless orders and fought against the enemy as a good soldier should.

Yes, one can (and maybe should) interprete this as negative under the given circumstances. Anyway, my "feeling" after the book is that he was a very good pilot and commander. Indeed, I like the image of him I got from that book.

One example: One day, his Gruppe had very high losses due to bad orders. His Staffel got the same idiotic orders. He did not follow them, his Staffel achieved some success and had no (or verys low) losses.

Thanks, that's the sort of stuff I was interested in; no doubt Dortenmann was a VERY skilled pilot & kept lots of his 'team' alive by virtue of said skill & leadership....but at the same time he DID put on a BIG push to get that Knight's Cross...

nm

F19Gladiator 3rd November 2008 13:52

Re: Subordinates' opinions of Hans Dortenmann;
 
Hi Nick,
I've just re-read the book by fellow pilot Willi Heilmann, "Alert in The West" in which Dortenmann figures on many pages and in several air battles described.
I've found no remarks in the direction you indicate.

Like the comments based on Axel Urbankes's book ("Green Hearts. First in Combat With the Dora 9" in Engl. transl.) by 'Yogybär' he comes through as a very good and experienced fighter pilot and the relation to other pilots seems to be good.
He gives the impression of being a professional fighter pilot and unit leader and not a fanatic and rather despising higher Luftwaffe authority and hard core Nazis – “Der Dicke” and the OKL included.

Were did you get the impression he got the “Neck itch” chasing for a Knight's Cross? I quickly skimmed through “The JG 26 War Diary Vol 2”, Caldwell, Grub Street, 1988, and on p. 466 there is a remark:
“Oblt. Dortenmann was awarded his Knight’s Cross, to the joy and the probable relief of his 3rd Staffel pilots”

Is there any other reference supporting the view that he was chasing a Knight’s Cross?

The units he led suffered heavily, being vastly outnumbered in many air battles, but so were also other Staffeln in 1944/45 over the Western Front.
He gives me the impression of trying to achieve results but find no indication he is sacrificing his wingmen or Staffel members for a victory. From time to time rather being upset over the high losses inflicted on his unit because of the in his mind stupid decisions by the Lw headquarter staff handed down to unit level.

In the carnage in the West where a new pilot was lucky if he survived 10 missions I can imagine that some, or several, young pilots found it nerve-racking to be led into murderous air fights by their Staffel (later Gruppe) leader and taking terrible beatings day after day, concluding that the leader’s only motivation can have been a Knight’s Cross as it must have been obvious to all that at this point the war could never have been won by the Germans – So why keep on attacking until a sure death or injury came to you? Because the boss wanted a “Gong”!
I don’t know if that was the case – Only an alternative explanation and pure speculation from my end.

Cheers
Göran

advsmt 3rd November 2008 21:01

Re: Subordinates' opinions of Hans Dortenmann;
 
1 Attachment(s)
Sorry, could not resist posting a signed picture of Dortenmann. This one came from Obermaier - the one in his jagflieger book.

Brian

NickM 4th November 2008 04:17

Re: Subordinates' opinions of Hans Dortenmann;
 
Quote:

Originally Posted by F19Gladiator (Post 75941)
Hi Nick,
I've just re-read the book by fellow pilot Willi Heilmann, "Alert in The West" in which Dortenmann figures on many pages and in several air battles described.
I've found no remarks in the direction you indicate.

Like the comments based on Axel Urbankes's book ("Green Hearts. First in Combat With the Dora 9" in Engl. transl.) by 'Yogybär' he comes through as a very good and experienced fighter pilot and the relation to other pilots seems to be good.
He gives the impression of being a professional fighter pilot and unit leader and not a fanatic and rather despising higher Luftwaffe authority and hard core Nazis – “Der Dicke” and the OKL included.

Were did you get the impression he got the “Neck itch” chasing for a Knight's Cross? I quickly skimmed through “The JG 26 War Diary Vol 2”, Caldwell, Grub Street, 1988, and on p. 466 there is a remark:
“Oblt. Dortenmann was awarded his Knight’s Cross, to the joy and the probable relief of his 3rd Staffel pilots”

Is there any other reference supporting the view that he was chasing a Knight’s Cross?

The units he led suffered heavily, being vastly outnumbered in many air battles, but so were also other Staffeln in 1944/45 over the Western Front.
He gives me the impression of trying to achieve results but find no indication he is sacrificing his wingmen or Staffel members for a victory. From time to time rather being upset over the high losses inflicted on his unit because of the in his mind stupid decisions by the Lw headquarter staff handed down to unit level.

In the carnage in the West where a new pilot was lucky if he survived 10 missions I can imagine that some, or several, young pilots found it nerve-racking to be led into murderous air fights by their Staffel (later Gruppe) leader and taking terrible beatings day after day, concluding that the leader’s only motivation can have been a Knight’s Cross as it must have been obvious to all that at this point the war could never have been won by the Germans – So why keep on attacking until a sure death or injury came to you? Because the boss wanted a “Gong”!
I don’t know if that was the case – Only an alternative explanation and pure speculation from my end.

Cheers
Göran

F19: Yup it was the JG26 War Diary that gave me the impression that Dortenmann had the 'neck itch'--the line you quoted and a couple of others; and to tell the truth, I read the Heilmann book & Urbanke's Dora book & I never picked that up...I WAS actually curious as to where Caldwell got his info...mebbie, the survivors if III/JG54 said more to Don because he was'nt German? I recall some comments from Peter Crump RE: his time with III/JG54 that I hadn't heard elsewhere.....of course I could very well be totally wrong too!

nickm

NickM 13th December 2008 20:06

Re: Subordinates' opinions of Hans Dortenmann;
 
***Bump****

JägerMarty 14th December 2008 11:07

Re: Subordinates' opinions of Hans Dortenmann;
 
Quote:

Originally Posted by advsmt (Post 75963)
Sorry, could not resist posting a signed picture of Dortenmann. This one came from Obermaier - the one in his jagflieger book.

Brian

mmm, nice piece. Must re-read Green Hearts again over the christmas new year break

Ruy Horta 15th December 2008 09:44

Re: Subordinates' opinions of Hans Dortenmann;
 
Quote:

Originally Posted by leonventer (Post 75872)
Hi Nick,
Agreed, but here are a couple of resources that are worth considering:
  • "Ikaros: Persönlichkeit und Wesen des deutschen Jagdfliegers im Zweiten Weltkrieg" by Paul Robert Skawran, 1969
  • "Luftwaffe Efficiency & Promotion Reports, vols. 1 & 2" by French L. MacLean, 2007

Leon Venter

Leon,

How are these two titles in general?

Ikaros I've seen quoted from before, but the MacLean book is new to me.

leonventer 18th December 2008 05:50

Re: Subordinates' opinions of Hans Dortenmann;
 
Ruy,
Quote:

Originally Posted by Ruy Horta (Post 78335)
Quote:

Originally Posted by leonventer (Post 75872)
here are a couple of resources that are worth considering:
  • "Ikaros: Persönlichkeit und Wesen des deutschen Jagdfliegers im Zweiten Weltkrieg" by Paul Robert Skawran, 1969
  • "Luftwaffe Efficiency & Promotion Reports, vols. 1 & 2" by French L. MacLean, 2007

How are these two titles in general?

Ikaros I've seen quoted from before, but the MacLean book is new to me.

Skawran's "Ikaros" is a detailed study of the psychological and physical makeup of fighter pilots in general, and several Luftwaffe aces in particular. It's especially valuable because Skawran spent most of the war with Luftwaffe units, and he interviewed many of the men he describes.

The chapter headings and page counts are as follows:
1. The pilot in comparison with members of the other armed services (3 pages)
2. The personalities of fighter pilots in the First World War (4 pages)
3. The period between the two world wars and its influence on the emergent people (18 pages)
4. The fighter pilot types of the Second World War (78 pages)
5. The exhiliration of flying and fighting (6 pages)
6. A comparison of the fighter pilot types of the First and Second World Wars (36 pages)
7. The development of the fighter pilot (34 pages)
8. The living conditions of fighter pilots (10 pages)
9. The beliefs/values/motivations of fighter pilots (8 pages)
10. Ikaros (3 pages)
Bibliography
Name Index

Chapter 4 is the heart of the book, in which Skawran describes around 30 Luftwaffe aces in varying degrees of detail and categorizes them as follows:
  • Die "Genialen"
  • Die Kämpfer
    • Der Kraftvolle Kämpfer
    • Der sture Draufgänger
    • Der Führertyp
  • Die stetigen Könner
    • Die Harmonisch-Kraftvollen
    • Die Kaczmareks
  • Die "Sonnenvögel"
  • Die Kindlich-Naiven
  • Die ehrgeizig-feinnervigen Jäger
    • Die Intellektuellen und die Sensitiv-Vitalen
    • Die Schießer
(See http://forum.12oclockhigh.net/showthread.php?p=29485 for Skawran's description of Oesau.)


MacLean's contribution is not as significant as Skawran's, but it's useful because it highlights a primary document type that's been neglected, namely the Luftwaffe's personnel evaluation reports. You might consider getting his two-volume work if you're interested in:
  • the criteria and documents that were involved in Luftwaffe evaluations
  • the general nature and values of Luftwaffe pilots and unit commanders
  • the specific qualities of the 113 covered men, and the attitudes and styles of their superiors
The reports provide interesting insights and they enable you to get a bit closer to the people and the times. For example, a great deal of importance was placed on appearance, social skills and manners, and most evaluations contain a variation of the statement: "He is firmly rooted in National Socialist ideology."

Regards,
Leon Venter

matthias74 21st December 2008 12:40

Re: Subordinates' opinions of Hans Dortenmann;
 
I found Skawran's book to be very interesting, because it is one of the few books that touches on the subject of pilots' personalities.

However it left me with somewhat of an aftertaste, due to the typifications and classifications he does, and specially due to some of the terminology he uses.

Trying do correlate pilots' physique to their personalities, and to some extent to their "success potential", seems, well, "Third Reichish".

Nonetheless it is a valuable and interesting addition to anybody interested in the human aspect of the air war.

Matthias

Dan O'Connell 21st December 2008 18:54

Re: Subordinates' opinions of Hans Dortenmann;
 
Is it available in English?

leonventer 22nd December 2008 07:28

Re: Subordinates' opinions of Hans Dortenmann;
 
Quote:

Originally Posted by matthias74 (Post 78684)
Trying do correlate pilots' physique to their personalities, and to some extent to their "success potential", seems, well, "Third Reichish".

I agree that it's off-putting. Skawran makes an unreasonably strong correlation between the physical and psychological attributes of fighter pilots. His characterisations are simplistic and he's guilty of some gross stereotyping. There are also some conspicuous omissions in his coverage, e.g. he comments on the role of religion, but he says nothing about the extent of the pilots' adherence to Nazi ideology. This implies that he considers it to be either:
a) the same for all pilots, or
b) unimportant, or
c) taboo.
Whatever the reason for his silence, the book would have been more interesting and valuable if it had discussed this topic.

Nevertheless, as Matthias said, the book is worth reading because of Skawran's intimate familiarity with the pilots and the context in which they served.

Leon Venter

FalkeEins 22nd December 2008 13:13

Re: Subordinates' opinions of Hans Dortenmann;
 
Quote:

Originally Posted by leonventer (Post 78723)
he says nothing about the extent of the pilots' adherence to Nazi ideology.

..because at a certain level (ie a high ranking & decorated fighter pilot) it was a given surely?...

..I found the book worth looking at and certainly German authors tend to pick out anecdotes from it (Prien on Oesau, Kurowski on Marseille etc etc..)

but otherwise as a text on Luftwaffe fighter aces it is unreadable..

kennethklee 30th December 2008 00:40

Re: Subordinates' opinions of Hans Dortenmann;
 
I'm a little late to the discussion but wanted to comment on this interesting topic. Somewhat fortuitously I just read Axel Urbanke's Green Hearts First in Combat with the Dora 9. As those who have read this fine book know, Urbanke interviewed many surviving members of III/JG 54 and JG 26 and cited extensively from Dortenmann's diary. Many of the surviving pilots comment favorably on Dortenmann and his abilities as a fighter pilot and a formation leader, and that he looked out for the pilots under his command. In fact, I did not recall reading any quotes that were less than favorable for Dortenmann. Although Dortenmann was an aggressive fighter pilot and did not hesitate to engage the enemy, the welfare of his men seemed to take priority. One pilot is quoted stating that Dortenmann never lost a wingman while scoring a victory. I did not recall any quotes from his pilots suggesting that Dortenmann had the neck itch for the Knight's Cross. A lively party is briefly described as occurring spontaneously when Dortenmann encountered some of his former pilots from IV/JG 26, suggesting Dortenmann was held in high regard by his pilots, which would be unlikely if Dortenmann put any ambitions for decorations and advancement ahead of his men. Since Dortenmann passed in 1973, no motive for hiding unfavorable facts or opinions should be present for any of Dortenmann's surviving contemporaries.

Dortenmann's diary quotes often describe his affinity for his pilots from IV/JG 26, and his regrets at leaving them when he transferred to I/JG 26. A fellow officer, Lt. Hans Prager, describes in detail the aftermath when his Fw 190D-9 was severely damaged by collision with a P-47 and that Dortenmann took charge of guiding Prager home to a safe landing; he provided radio advice and reassurance and checked out the landing field ahead of him. When Dortenmann finally received his Knight's Cross in late April 1945, the pilots of his former Staffel 14/JG 26 are described as happy for him because he never scored his victories at the expense of his men, but because he was a very skilled pilot and leader.

Although this is only one book, it appears to be well-researched and documented, especially with regards to interviews with surviving pilots and use of logbooks (i.e., Dortenmann) and therefore very credible to me. In summary, the Green Hearts book left me with the impression that Hans Dortenmann was a very skilled fighter pilot and leader who took his leadership duties seriously and put his men first.

NickM 30th December 2008 19:25

Re: Subordinates' opinions of Hans Dortenmann;
 
Quote:

Originally Posted by kennethklee (Post 78944)
I'm a little late to the discussion but wanted to comment on this interesting topic. Somewhat fortuitously I just read Axel Urbanke's Green Hearts First in Combat with the Dora 9. As those who have read this fine book know, Urbanke interviewed many surviving members of III/JG 54 and JG 26 and cited extensively from Dortenmann's diary. Many of the surviving pilots comment favorably on Dortenmann and his abilities as a fighter pilot and a formation leader, and that he looked out for the pilots under his command. In fact, I did not recall reading any quotes that were less than favorable for Dortenmann. Although Dortenmann was an aggressive fighter pilot and did not hesitate to engage the enemy, the welfare of his men seemed to take priority. One pilot is quoted stating that Dortenmann never lost a wingman while scoring a victory. I did not recall any quotes from his pilots suggesting that Dortenmann had the neck itch for the Knight's Cross. A lively party is briefly described as occurring spontaneously when Dortenmann encountered some of his former pilots from IV/JG 26, suggesting Dortenmann was held in high regard by his pilots, which would be unlikely if Dortenmann put any ambitions for decorations and advancement ahead of his men. Since Dortenmann passed in 1973, no motive for hiding unfavorable facts or opinions should be present for none of Dortenmann's surviving contemporaries.

Dortenmann's diary quotes often describe his affinity for his pilots from IV/JG 26, and his regrets at leaving them when he transferred to I/JG 26. A fellow officer, Lt. Hans Prager, describes in detail the aftermath when his Fw 190D-9 was severely damaged by collision with a P-47 and that Dortenmann took charge of guiding Prager home to a safe landing; he provided radio advice and reassurance and checked out the landing field ahead of him. When Dortenmann finally received his Knight's Cross in late April 1945, the pilots of his former Staffel 14/JG 26 are described as happy for him because he never scored his victories at the expense of his men, but because he was a very skilled pilot and leader.

Although this is only one book, it appears to be well-researched and documented, especially with regards to interviews with surviving pilots and use of logbooks (i.e., Dortenmann) and therefore very credible to me. In summary, the Green Hearts book left me with the impression that Hans Dortenmann was a very skilled fighter pilot and leader who took his leadership duties seriously and put his men first.

No doubt then, Dortenmann was Eager for combat AND a skilled AND careful pilot...thanks for the Feedback;

nickm

kennethklee 30th December 2008 23:45

Re: Subordinates' opinions of Hans Dortenmann;
 
Quote:

Originally Posted by NickM (Post 78970)
No doubt then, Dortenmann was Eager for combat AND a skilled AND careful pilot...thanks for the Feedback;

nickm

Nick-

I enjoyed the opportunity to discuss Dortenmann and his relationship to his pilots. I do not have Don Caldwell's JG 26 books (Top Guns and War Diary Vol 1 and Vol 2) at hand at the moment, but I also recall that he made a comment about Dortenmann's ambitions for the Knight's Cross. I was thinking about the lack of any such opinion expressed by Axel Urbanke in his Green Hearts book. IIRC, unlike Urbanke, Caldwell did not back up his assertion with any quotes from Dortenmann's former colleagues and subordinates or citations from Dortenmann's diary. (If my recollections are wrong about Caldwell's books, I stand humbly corrected and apologetic.) I also am loathe to believe that the former pilots would comment about Dortenmann's alleged Knight's Cross ambition to Caldwell, but not Urbanke. I would imagine that his pilots would have sensed quickly if Dortenmann put his ambitions above his men. Military literature is replete with commanders who lost the trust and respect of their subordinates for this. Subordinates who dislike their supervisors are usually not reticent about telling people, especially authors or interviewers for other media.

The fact that, in Green Hearts, so many quotes from former pilots regarding Dortenmann are almost uniformly favorable and Dortenmann's own diary entries suggest good relationships with his men, coupled with Caldwell's lack of specific quotes even from pilots labeled as anonymous or from Dortenmann's diary, suggest to me that Dortenmann was "clean" and a skilled and responsible leader, as well as a talented fighter pilot. No disrespect to Caldwell intended--I greatly respect his published work on JG 26--I'm just drawing conclusions based on the evidence. Now, of course, if Urbanke conspired to hide Dortenmann's flaws, all bets are off...but I'll stop there ;).

Kenneth

NickM 2nd January 2009 17:26

Re: Subordinates' opinions of Hans Dortenmann;
 
Kenneth, I am going to send you a PM;

nickm


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